What is 'fire and maneuver' in military tactics?

Fire and maneuver is a fundamental military tactic that involves two coordinated actions: one unit provides suppressive fire on the enemy, while another unit maneuvers to a more advantageous position. This tactic is designed to reduce the enemy's capability to return fire effectively, allowing the maneuvering unit to advance, reposition, or flank the enemy without taking significant casualties.

By using suppressive fire, the attacking force aims to keep the enemy's heads down, thus disrupting their ability to coordinate, aim, and fire effectively. Meanwhile, the maneuvering force takes advantage of the cover provided by the suppressive fire to get closer to the enemy or to gain a tactical advantage. This combination of actions maximizes the effectiveness of the attack while minimizing risk to the troops involved.

Other options describe actions or strategies in military operations but do not accurately define fire and maneuver. Eliminating all enemy forces before moving forward is impractical in dynamic combat scenarios. Intelligence gathering focuses on reconnaissance rather than direct engagement tactics. Coordinating artillery and air support is vital but falls outside the specific mechanic of fire and maneuver, which concentrates on ground units working in tandem.